proportional falloff blender not doing whole donut

Researchers have been keeping records of how much people eat for a long time, and increased food intake since 1980 perfectly explains increased obesity since 1980 – there is no need to bring in decreased exercise or any other factors.

Did you know there are entire premodern cultures where literally nobody is obese? That in the 1800s, only 5% of Americans were? That the prevalence of obesity has doubled since 1980? The Hungry Brain begins with the typical ritual invocation of the obesity epidemic. The Hungry Brain is a little more complicated, a little harder to get a read on, and at times pretty wishy-washy.īut listening to people’s confidently-asserted simple and elegant ideas was how we got into this mess, so whatever, let’s keep reading. And again, with Taubes, you know where you stand – confident that willpower is useless and that low-carb diets will solve everything. With CICO, at least you know where you stand – confident that everything is based on willpower and that you can ignore biology completely. But like many “third way” style proposals, it leaves a lot of ambiguity. The Hungry Brain is part of Guyenet’s attempt to explain this third model, and it basically succeeds. Chief among these signals is the hormone leptin, but many others play a role (insulin, ghrelin, glucagon, CCK, GLP-1, glucose, amino acids, etc.) It acknowledges the fact that body weight is regulated, but the regulation happens in the brain, in response to signals from the body that indicate its energy status. There are other versions of the insulin model, but this is the one advocated by Ludwig (and Taubes), so it will be my focus.īut there’s a third model, not mentioned by Ludwig or Taubes, which is the one that predominates in my field. Overeating is caused by a kind of “internal starvation”. According to this model, too much insulin reduces blood levels of glucose and fatty acids (the two primary circulating metabolic fuels), simultaneously leading to hunger, fatigue, and fat gain. As an alternative, Ludwig proposes the insulin model, which states that the primary cause of obesity is excessive insulin action on fat cells, which in turn is caused principally by rapidly-digesting carbohydrate. Ludwig and I both agree that it provides a poor fit for the evidence. I think at this point, few people in the research world believe the CICO model. This model seems to exist mostly to make lean people feel smug, since it attributes their leanness entirely to wise voluntary decisions and a strong character. The primary defining feature of this model is that it assumes that food intake and body fatness are not regulated.

The model is the idea that our body weight is determined by voluntary decisions about how much we eat and move, and in order to control our body weight, all we need is a little advice about how many calories to eat and burn, and a little willpower. The consensus doesn’t believe that obesity is just about weak-willed people voluntarily choosing to eat too much, or that obese people would get thin if they just tried diet and exercise, or that all calories are the same. He is very careful to emphasize that the consensus doesn’t look anything like Taubes’ caricature of it. I first learned about Guyenet’s work from his various debates with Gary Taubes and his supporters, where he usually represents the “scientific consensus” side. Not only does it provide the best introduction to nutrition I’ve ever seen, but it incidentally explains other neuroscience topics better than the books directly about them do. He is very serious about what he does and his book is exactly as good as I would have hoped. He’s a neuroscientist studying nutrition, with a side job as a nutrition consultant, who spends his spare time blogging about nutrition, tweeting about nutrition, and speaking at nutrition-related conferences. Stephan Guyenet is no Gladwell-style dilettante. The Hungry Brain gives off a bit of a Malcolm Gladwell vibe, with its cutesy name and pop-neuroscience style.

Proportional falloff blender not doing whole donut